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The history of Troy, New York extends back to the Mohican Indians. Troy is a city on the east bank of the Hudson River about north of Albany in the US State of New York. ==The Mohican== Prior to the arrival of Europeans, the Troy area was inhabited by the ''Muh-he ka-ne-ok'', known to the Europeans as the Mohican Indian tribe. This Algonquian-speaking people had probably lived in the area for thousands of years. The Mohican called the general Troy area ''Paanpack'' and referred to the Hudson River as ''Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk'', or "where the waters were never still".〔Rittner (2002), p. 18〕 It's not surprising that the area would be populated by hunter-gatherers: the land was arable, the forests were filled with game,〔 and the river was known for being well populated with fish; one Dutch settler described the Hudson as ''"seer visryck"'', which is Dutch for "very fish rich".〔Rittner (2002), p. 20〕 There were at least three clans within the tribe: Wolf, Turtle, and Turkey. Regardless, the entire tribe was led by one sachem (chief). ''Skiwias'', sometimes known as ''Aepjen'', was sachem for some 20 years and led the tribe during the first encounters and land sales with the Dutch.〔 The tribe had at least two settlements near Troy. One was either near present-day Hoosick Street〔 or along the banks of the Poesten Kill〔 and was called Unawatt's Castle. The other was located on Peeble's Island, on the west side of the Hudson, across from Lansingburgh, and was called Moenemine's Castle. A third settlement may also have existed on the east side of the Hudson at Lansingburgh, across from Moenemine's Castle.〔Rittner (2002), p. 19〕 The natives typically lived in domed wigwams or longhouses, and usually settled near the river or on higher ground nearby.〔 The original Mahican homeland was the Hudson River Valley from the Catskill Mountains north to the southern end of Lake Champlain. Bounded by the Schoharie River in the west, it extended east to the crest of the Berkshire Mountains in western Massachusetts from northwest Connecticut north to the Green Mountains in southern Vermont.〔(Walling, Richard S., "Death In The Bronx: The Stockbridge Indian Massacre, August, 1778", Americanrevolution.org )〕 It is thought that more than 8,000 Mohican inhabitants lived in the area at the time of the Dutch arrival.〔Rittner (2002), p. 22〕 The land comprising the Poesten Kill and Wynants Kill areas were owned by two Mohicans. The area around the Poesten Kill was owned by ''Skiwias'' and was called ''Panhooseck''. The area around the Wynants Kill was owned by ''Peyhaunet'' and was named ''Paanpack'', meaning "the Great Meadow". The land between the creeks, which makes up most of downtown and South Troy, was owned by ''Annape''. South of the Wynants Kill and into present-day North Greenbush, the land was owned by ''Pachquolapiet''. These parcels of land were sold to the Dutch between 1630 and 1657 and each purchase was overseen and signed by ''Skiwias''.〔 In total, more than 75 individual Mohicans were involved in deed signings.〔Rittner (2002), p. 23〕 By 1708, the Mohican had sold all the land that now makes up Troy.〔 Rittner, in his history of Troy, states, "According to the deeds, land was sold for rugs, muskets, kettles, gunpowder, bars of lead, fur caps, shirts, strings of wampum, strings of tobacco, a child's coat and shirt, knives, hatchet, adze, pouches, socks, duffel coat, beaver, bread, beer, a piece of cloth, a cutlass, axes, jugs of rum, blankets, duffel coats, guns, Madeira wine, pipes, and five shillings," adding, "Some would say today that it wasn't a very good trade."〔Rittner (2002), pp. 23 – 24〕 The upper Hudson River was first explored by Henry Hudson in 1609 and it is said that the Mohican greeted the newcomers excitedly, eager to begin a trading relationship.〔 While the Mohicans coexisted peacefully with the Dutch, they had a hostile relationship with the nearby Mohawk tribe to the west. The Mohicans were originally reluctant to sell their land to the Dutch,〔(Van Laer ) (1908), p. 54〕 but the outcome of a bloody war with the Mohawks in 1629 led them to move north to Schaghticoke and make their land available for purchase. They lost another war with the Mohawks in 1666, which led many of them to move to Stockbridge, Massachusetts. The tribe's disappearance from the area is the basis of James Fenimore Cooper's novel ''Last of the Mohicans''.〔Rittner (2002), p. 21〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of Troy, New York」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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